Woody > Pinus > Pinus engelmannii > Pinus engelmannii
Pinus engelmannii
Apache Pine
Origin: The apache pine is found mainly in Mexico but there is also a limited distribution in the United States of America in southeastern Arizona.
| Family |
| Pinaceae |
| Genus |
| Pinus |
| Species |
| engelmannii |
| Category |
| Woody |
| Type |
| Tree (evergreen) |
| USDA Hardiness Zone |
| 2a - 8b |
| Canadian Hardiness Zone |
| 0a - 8a |
| RHS Hardiness Zone |
| H4 - H7 |
| Temperature (°C) |
| 23 |
| Temperature (°F) |
| 73 |
| Height |
| 15 - 25 m |
| Spread |
| 6 - 8 m |
Photographs
Cultivars
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Description and Growing Information
Flowering Period
| Landscape |
| Used in reforestation and conservation programmes and in recent years commercial plantations. |
| Cultivation |
| Sandy soils with excellent drainage. It prefers full sun once properly established. Moderately acidic soils are preferred (pH 5- 6.8) with an average temperature of 14°C. |
| Shape |
| Upright shape, typically having a rounded crown. |
| Growth |
| Fast |
| Pests |
| Younger trees are susceptible to shoot moths. Mature trees can be susceptible to colonization by southwestern dwarf mistletoe. Bark beetles may also be an issue. |
| Habitat |
| High and dry mountain areas. Usually found in slightly acidic sandy loam, or rocky soils with excellent drainage. |
| Bark/Stem Description |
| When mature it develops deep splits and cracks (furrows) creating a narrow platy look. Very thick bark to almost 4 cm. |
| Flower/Leaf Bud Description |
| Oval or cone-shaped growing up to 2 cm long with fringed scales on sides. |
| Leaf Description |
| The needles are one of the longest of the pines, growing up to 25 - 45 cm long and 2 mm thick with coarsely saw-like margins. They are often drooping, originating at branch tips. Found in fascicles of 3 - 5 needles that are held in a persistent sheath 3 - 4 cm long. |
| Flower Description |
| Male flowers are a cylindrical shape measuring about 2 cm long. The female flowers are smaller than the male flowers. |
| Fruit Description |
| The sessile cones are oval in shape. They are about 13 - 18 cm long growing in pairs or whirls of 3 -5 cones. The cone scales are tipped with small prickles. Seeds are about 8 - 9 mm long with a wing about 20 mm long. |
| Colour Description |
| The leaves are a dull green colour. Male flowers are yellowish-purple in colour, while the females have a reddish tinge. Sessiles that are a dull brown colour. The pollen cones are yellow. Young bark is dark brown in colour and as it matures the bark lightens in into a yellow tinge around the ridges. |
| Texture Description |
| When young the bark is quite smooth, as it matures it develops deep furrows creating a narrow plate like patterns. The depth of these splits and cracks makes for a very coarse texture. |
| Propagation |
| Propagated exclusively through seed. It does not produce cones until 30 years old where it then takes 2 years to mature and drop its seed. For best chance at germination, broken and washed mineral soil is recommended. Production for nursery seedling takes 10 - 12 months. Where in the last 3 months preconditioning shades are removed thus exposing seedlings to direct sunlight to prepare them for final field planting. |
| Ethnobotanical Uses (Disclaimer) |
| Lumber. |
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