Plumeria rubra (Frangipani, Red Frangipani, Common Frangipani, Temple Tree, Graveyard Tree, Australia: Dead Man's Fingers, Thailand and Laos: Champa, Malaysia: Cempacka, Cambodia: Champei, India: Champaca or Campa)


Botanical Information

FamilyApocynaceae
GenusPlumeria
Speciesrubra
CategoryTropicals
TypeTree (deciduous)
OriginThe genus was named by Linnaeus in honour of the French botanist Charles Plumier (1646 - 1704), who was thought to be the first to describe the tree after one of several voyages to the Antilles. It was actually first described by the Spanish priest Francisco Mendoza in 1522. The common name frangipani is attributed to the Italian, Marquis Frangipani who, in the 16th century, developed a perfume from the plant. It was used on gloves and later applied to pastries. P. rubra is the national flower of The People's Democratic Republic of Laos.

Details

USDA Hardiness Zone12
USDA Hardiness Ref.
Canadian Hardiness ZoneRequires cool season protection under glass.
Canada Hardiness Ref.
RHS Hardiness ZoneH1b
RHS Hardiness Ref.
Temperature (°C)10 - 16
Temperature (°F)50 - 60
Height7 - 8 m
Spread7 - 8 m
GrowthFast
Flowering PeriodFebruary, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November

Description and Growing Information

General DescriptionPlumeria rubra is one of the most widespread trees in the tropics since it is easy to propagate, flowers for a long period in many colours, is fragrant and copes well with the heat and humidity. It is not a big tree and can be quite variable in form and character depending on the specific growing conditions and the plants age. It may be completely denuded of leaves, appearing dead when water is inadequate yet when tropical rains are forthcoming it will be covered in large, glossy leaves and fragrant blooms. Where climatic conditions are intermittent its growth and character will also be.
LandscapeWorks well in street and park plantings and often used in temples and cemeteries.
PropagationReadily propagated by branch cuttings taken in the cooler months and left to dry (callus) for a week or more.
CultivationTolerant of a wide variety of soils, from acid to alkaline and sandy to clay.
Notable SpecimensSuan Packkad Palace, Bangkok, Thailand. Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
HabitatMexico, Central America, Colombia and Venezuela.
Bark/Stem DescriptionThin and grey.
Leaf DescriptionLarge, green, 30 - 50 cm long with very orderly, pinnate venation (secondary veins paired oppositely), arranged alternately and clustered at the ends of branches.
Flower DescriptionFive rounded, silky petals slightly overlap in a whorl; ranging from common pink to white with shades of yellow in the centre, terminal, often profuse and intensely fragrant.
Fruit DescriptionThe leathery follicles are held in pairs and are grey-black in colour, 18 cm long, containing 20 - 60 winged seeds.

Photographs