| Propagation | Natural regeneration is by seed and root suckers. Propagation is by direct sowing in thoroughly prepared soil or by stump planting. |
| Pests | Diseases: Stem blight (Rosellinia bunodes), yellow cork rot (Polyporus weberianus), white spongy rot (Daedalea flavida and Hexagonia apiaria) and white fibrous rot (Irpex flavus).
Pests: Several defoliators, borers and sap suckers cause damage. The |
| Habitat | Foothils of the Himalayas and the western Deccan to Sri Lanka and Indo-China. |
| Bark/Stem Description | Trunk fluted; bark grey, irregularly scaly; blaze pink. |
| Fruit Description | Fruit a broadly ovoid, ellipsoid to subglobular berry, 1-2 seeded, 2 cm x 1-2 cm, base narrowed, apex pointed, yellow, hard-crustaceous, smooth or slightly spiny. |
