| Shape | Open, wide-spreading crown. |
| Landscape | An excellent specimen tree. |
| Propagation | Propagate by seed, with light present for germination, although seeds may not come true. Can also be propagated through side-veneer grafts in late winter. |
| Cultivation | Very hardy, but prefers a deep, well-draining loam soil. |
| Pests | Prone to attack by several bracket fungi, as well as mildew and birch rust. |
| Bark/Stem Description | Bark is peeling, tinged yellow, to white. Young branches are orange-brown to purple-brown. |
| Flower/Leaf Bud Description | Buds are slender-pointed to 1 cm. |
| Leaf Description | Leaves are dark green above with scattered glands throughout, with veins in 7-11 pairs, growing to 5-10 x 4-7 cm. |
| Fruit Description | Catkins to 2-3 x 1-1.5 cm, fruiting scales having oblong tips. Nutlets are to 2-3 mm, minutely pubescent, with narrow wings. |
