Ailanthus altissima (Tree of Heaven)


Botanical Information

FamilySimaroubaceae
GenusAilanthus
Speciesaltissima
CategoryWoody
TypeTree (deciduous)
OriginChina. (From ailanto, native name meaning 'reaching for the sky.')
Pronunciation

Details

USDA Hardiness Zone7b - 8a
USDA Hardiness Ref.
Canadian Hardiness Zone7b - 8a
Canada Hardiness Ref.
RHS Hardiness ZoneH5
RHS Hardiness Ref.
Temperature (°C)-15
Temperature (°F)5
Height20 m
Spread10 m
GrowthFast
Flowering PeriodJune

Description and Growing Information

General DescriptionAn aggressive, fast growing tree often confused in our area with Juglans nigra.
ID CharacteristicThe pinnately compound leaves with a small gland at the base of each of the leaflets. Bitterly aromatic foliage when crushed.
ShapeLarge somewhat rounded crown.
LandscapeShould not be used in the landscape.
PropagationSelf propagating without our help. Root cuttings collected in the autumn and cut into 50 cm lengths and inserted vertically into pots or flats barley covering the top. Water and place in a cold frame until growth appears and then pot individually.
CultivationThis tree will grow almost anywhere, from the smallest crack in the pavement to the cultivated landscape.
PestsGenerally pest and disease free.
Notable SpecimensAbandoned lots in most cities from Toronto south.
HabitatNaturalized throughout Southern Ontario and the United States.
Bark/Stem DescriptionBeige, on older bark, young twigs often downy and similar in texture to Rhus typhina.
Flower/Leaf Bud DescriptionBuds are small, held above the leaf scar and somewhat downy.
Leaf DescriptionThe pinnately compound leaves with a small gland at the base of each of the leaflets. Bitterly aromatic foliage when crushed. Leaves are large, up to 60 cm long. New leaves are a bronze brown upon emergence.
Flower DescriptionLarge cream to green blooms in June or July. Dioecious, males having the smell of the crushed leaves while female flowers have no scent.
Fruit DescriptionA light beige samara, 1.5-2 cm long.
Colour DescriptionA weak pale yellow in the autumn.
Texture DescriptionA coarse textured tree.

Photographs