| General Description | A native North American tree with cork like bark that is very urban tolerant. |
| Shape | Fine branch habit with a broad top with ascending arching branches. |
| Landscape | City and courtyard gardens, urban landscapes, parks, streets, informal gardens, mass plantings, large properties, cottages or as a specimen. |
| Propagation | Seed. |
| Cultivation | Prefers rich, moist soil but grows in dry, heavy, sandy and rocky soils. Tolerates wind, full sun, dry and alkaline soil conditions.
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| Pests | Witches broom, leaf spots, powdery mildew. The leaves are prone in our Ontario environment to severe infestations of leaf galls. |
| Notable Specimens | Weldon Library, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
Joany's Woods, West Williams, Middlesex County, Ontario, Canada. |
| Habitat | Flood plains, along roadsides, open fields and fence rows. |
| Bark/Stem Description | Grey in colour with corky warts or ridges. |
| Flower/Leaf Bud Description | Small imbricate buds, 5 mm long, chestnut brown, ovate with sharp point. |
| Leaf Description | Alternate, simple, ovate leaves around 5 - 12.5 cm long. |
| Flower Description | Polygamo-monoecious staminate flowers. |
| Fruit Description | Fleshy yellow fruit, borne on a 2.5 - 5 cm long pedicel that ripens in September. |
| Colour Description | Dull green in summer turning yellow-green in autumn; not impressive. |
| Texture Description | Medium-coarse. |
