| General Description | A small tree but often a shrub of a few spreading stems. |
| ID Characteristic | Dark green in summer, yellow-green in autumn, small greenish white flowers.
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| Shape | Large shrub or small tree of a bushy, rounded nature. |
| Landscape | It’s a relatively low maintenance tree. Its texture blends well into many landscaping scenarios.
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| Propagation | Seed requires a 3-4 month cold period (5°C); cuttings can be rooted with good success when collected in June-July.
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| Cultivation | Adaptable species which performs suitably in well-drained soils and in sun or shade.
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| Pests | Various leaf spots and rusts; none of which are serious. Aphids and spider mites may also be minor problems.
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| Notable Specimens | Weldon Library, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario. |
| Habitat | Found in rocky woods, better drained lowlands, and moist woodlands as an understory plant. |
| Bark/Stem Description | Dark grey, smooth, except for watery protuberances.
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| Flower/Leaf Bud Description | Closely superposed in pairs, very low-conical, sessile, hidden beneath petiole bases, breaking through the leaf scars, not distinctly scaly, silvery silky; terminal lacking.
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| Flower Description | Small, unisexual, green-white, 10-15 cm diameter, fragrant.
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| Fruit Description | A compressed, broadly winged, suborbicular, 2-sided, indehiscent samara, brownish at maturity, rather conspicuous in clusters.
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| Colour Description | Lustrous dark green in summer, yellow-green in autumn.
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| Texture Description | Medium in leaf, medium-coarse in winter.
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