Aesculus californica (California Buckeye)


Botanical Information

FamilySapindaceae (Hippocastanaceae)
GenusAesculus
Speciescalifornica
CategoryWoody
TypeTree (deciduous)
OriginA. californica is native to the Central Coast Mountain Ranges and the Sierra Nevada Mountains in the United States of America.
Ethnobotanical Uses
Disclaimer
The nuts contained within the pear-like fruit are poisonous and they were used as fish poison by the Pomo, Yana, Yokut and Luiseno peoples (Kroeber, 1925). The nuts can be ground and leached under running water sort several days and can be ground and cooked into a gruel, usually consumed during times of food shortages.

Details

USDA Hardiness Zone6 - 8 (needing protection in zone 6)
USDA Hardiness Ref.
Canadian Hardiness Zone7 - 8
Canada Hardiness Ref.
RHS Hardiness ZoneH5 - H6
RHS Hardiness Ref.
Temperature (°C)38
Temperature (°F)100
Height 10 m
Spread10 m
GrowthSlow
Flowering PeriodMay, June

Description and Growing Information

General DescriptionIt has bright green compound palmate leaves with 5 - 7 leaflets. Each leaflet can reach 6 - 17 cm long in length. Long clusters of distinguished white to creamy pink flowers blooming in mid-spring.
ShapeRounded shape and will become broad-headed.
LandscapeAttracts hummingbirds, bees and butterflies to the garden.
CultivationGrows best in well drained and deep loamy soils.
HabitatIt is found growing in association with coastal sage scrub, mixed-evergreen forests, along rivers and creeks and in central oak woodlands.
Bark/Stem DescriptionEssentially smooth bark that is pale grey to silver in colour.
Flower/Leaf Bud DescriptionA dark brown sticky bud that is pointed upward at the tip and is 1 - 2 cm in length.
Leaf DescriptionLeaves are palmate, compound, and opposite, 5 - 7 leaflets each about 6 -17 cm long being a bright green colour that will later turn brown towards autumn.
Flower DescriptionCreamy to white to pink, scented, panicled shaped flowers 15 - 24 cm long. Honey bees and butterflies are mainly attracted to these flowers for the pollen and nectar. The florets consist of 5 fused sepals.
Fruit DescriptionPear shaped, light brown, leathery looking around the outer part of the nut. The majority of the time, they will appear in pairs about 6 - 8 cm in length. Each pear shaped fruit contains 2, 1 - 2 cm dark brown nuts.
Colour DescriptionGrey bark, dark green leaves and white to cream coloured flowers.

Photographs