Abies bifolia (Subalpine Fir)


Botanical Information

FamilyPinaceae
GenusAbies
Speciesbifolia
CategoryWoody
TypeTree (evergreen)
OriginHight altitudes in west-central to southwestern Alberta. Found growing in association with Engelmann Spruce, Lodgepole Pine and Alpine Larch.
Ethnobotanical Uses
Disclaimer
The light wood may be used for building construction and pulp. It may also be used for boxes and crates.

Details

USDA Hardiness Ref.
Canada Hardiness Ref.
RHS Hardiness ZoneH7
RHS Hardiness Ref.
Height25 m
GrowthMedium

Description and Growing Information

General DescriptionA large, long-lived pine (250 years) with a narrow, dense dropping crown.
LandscapeAn important species for protecting watersheds, rehabilitating mountain landscapes and wildlife habitat.
Bark/Stem DescriptionThe bark is smooth and grey in colour with the young trees covered in resin blisters. As the tree ages, the mature bark becomes greyish-brown and scaly.
Leaf DescriptionThe needle-like leaves are 2.5 - 4 cm long, curve upwards on the branch and are greyish-green to blue-green in colour with rounded or notched apex.
Flower DescriptionMale cones are small, bluish in colour while the female cones are 6 - 10 cm long, dark purple in colour and are borne at the top of the tree standing erect above the branches.
Fruit DescriptionRipe female cones have fan-shaped cone scales, slightly longer than broad with short, spoon-shaped bracts.

Photographs