| General Description | All parts of the plan contains toxins and ingestion of large quantities can cause sever poisoning in both humans and animals. The sap may also be an irritant to some. The berries which are toxic are seldom consumed since they are quite bitter. |
| Propagation | Propagated vegetatively or by seed. |
| Pests | Aphids, mealy bugs, caterpillars and scale may appear. Leaf spots, canker, bacterial leaf spot, stem rot and powdery mildew. Mites can be a significant problem. |
| Notable Specimens | Niagara Parks Botanical Gardens, Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada. |
| Habitat | Horticultural origin. |
| Leaf Description | Dark green leaves, white-veined, smaller and purple-tinged in winter. |
