Pterostyrax hispida (Fragrant Epaulette Tree)


Michael's Opinion

This would be a beautiful specimen tree for any garden since it has wonderfully fragrant white flowers and fruit that persist into winter. The flowers closely resemble those of the Halesia genus and are as attractive. With its low branching, open form it is said to look very artistic in the landscape. Its beauty is definitely underrated and I believe it should be grown wherever the climate is appropriate.

Botanical Information

FamilyStyracaceae
GenusPterostyrax
Specieshispida
CategoryWoody
TypeTree (deciduous), Shrub (deciduous)
OriginNative to Japan, introduced into cultivation in 1875. The genus name comes from the Greek word 'pteron' which means wing and 'styrax' in reference to the ribbed fruit. Hispidia refers to the bristly hairs covering the fruit. Epaulette refers to the inflorescence which hangs on one side, resembling an ornamental shoulder piece found on military uniforms.
Pronunciation

Details

USDA Hardiness Zone4 - 8
USDA Hardiness Ref.
Canadian Hardiness Zone2a - 7a
Canada Hardiness Ref.
RHS Hardiness ZoneH5 - H7
RHS Hardiness Ref.
Temperature (°C)-34 - (-9)
Temperature (°F)-30 - 15
Height7 - 17 m
Spread6 - 12 m
GrowthMedium
Flowering PeriodJune

Description and Growing Information

General DescriptionPterostyrax hispida is a low-growing, often broad-statured tree with many pendulous blooms hanging down below branches in spring. The ribbed fruit persists into winter.
ID CharacteristicFlowers are pendulous, fringed, white and fragrant, hanging in clusters along the branches. The fruit is ribbed, hairy and persisting into winter. When the stem is bruised it produces a fowl smell. Branches contain a white pith.
ShapeFairly rounded, sometimes demonstrating a more vase-like shape. When the specimen is young it tends to be more compact. As it ages the slender, low branches grow more openly. It can be quite broad in form, similar in character to Cornus alternifolia.
LandscapeThis tree is not widely used or recognized in the landscape trade. However, since it is somewhat pollution tolerant it could be used as a street tree. Typically it is used in patio borders or as a specimen. It will provide year-round interest with fragrant, showy flowers in spring, yellow autumn cloak and winter fruit.
PropagationBy seed sown in autumn into containers and placed in a vented cold-frame to overwinter. Seed need a minimum of 5°C for three months to ensure germination. Also by semi-hardwood cuttings collected in late summer and rooted under mist and bottom heat.
CultivationTolerant of acidic to partially alkaline soil containing clay, loam or sandy loam. The soil must be moist and well-drained. There is a specimen in the A. M. Cuddy Gardens growing in partial shade on heavy, clay soil and it seems to thrive and flower profusely without flaw each year. Should be planted in situations where it is protected form the cold winds of winter.
PestsNo pests or diseases of note.
Notable SpecimensThe A. M. Cuddy Gardens, Strathroy, Ontario, Canada.
HabitatFound growing in open woodland areas and on sloping terrain.
Bark/Stem DescriptionYoung bark is smooth and light brown to grey becoming fissured, sometimes with an exfoliating affect and grey with hints of light tan peeking through the fissures.
Flower/Leaf Bud DescriptionTwo-scaled, brown and ovoid, approximately 6.4 mm in size sitting immediately beneath the terminal bud which is 1.27 cm, yellowish brown, naked, pubescent and elongated.
Leaf DescriptionAlternate, simple, 7 - 19 ⨉ 3 - 10 cm, oblong-ovate with a finely dentate margin. The leaf tip is acute-acuminate and the base is cuneate.
Flower DescriptionWhite, fragrant, in pendulous panicles 12 - 25 ⨉ 5 - 7 cm. The corolla has five lobes divided almost right to its base.
Fruit Description1 - 2 cm, cylindrical, ribbed, dry drupes which are quite hairy, in pendulous clusters persisting into winter.
Texture DescriptionLeaf texture is usually medium to coarse with a partially pubescent underside. The bark is smooth when young, becoming ridged, coarse and fissured with age. The fruit are dry drupes that are highly pubescent.

Photographs